Variations in human myology observed during the winter session of 1867-68 at King's College, London / by John Wood.

  • Wood, John, 1825-1891.
Date:
1868
Catalogue details

Licence: Public Domain Mark

Credit: Variations in human myology observed during the winter session of 1867-68 at King's College, London / by John Wood. Source: Wellcome Collection.

Provider: This material has been provided by The Royal College of Surgeons of England. The original may be consulted at The Royal College of Surgeons of England.

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    by Murie in his dissection of a Bushwoman (Journal of Anatomy and Physiology, No. 2, May 1867, p. 198). 2. Stei'no-cleido-mastoid.—In 4 male and 3 female subjects out of the 36, the clavicular origin of this muscle was double, or divided into two portions. In all but one of these the cleido-occipital was also present. 3. Omohyoid.—In 2 male and 2 female subjects the 2)osteno7- belly presented an additional or clavicular origin. Three were found on the left side only, and one on the right only. On the opposite side of one male (No. 15), a muscular slip arising from the middle of tlie clavicle (quasi-clavicular origin of the omohyoid) passed upwards and inwards to join the stemo-thyroid at its insertion, the omohyoid itself on that side being normal, with the exception of having no median tendon. In No. 9 the omohyoid, otherwise normal, passed through an opening between the normal origin of the sterna-thyroid and an abnormal slip to that muscle from the clavicle, at the junction of its middle and outer thirds. In No. 13 also, the median tendon of the omohyoid was wanting, a continuity of muscular fibre passing from its origin to its insertion. This is always the case in Monkeys and the lower mammalia. In a male subject (No. 2) the anterior belly was double, the superior one fusing with the hyoglossus and middle constrictor muscles, and receiving, moreover, a slip from the middle of the stemo-thyroid (see fig. 2 A). Out of 70 subjects now examined by the author with a view to the abnor- malities of the omohyoid muscle, viz. 40 males and 30 females, the anterior belly has been found double in 4 males, in two on both sides, and in two on the right side only. In one male it was triple on both sides. A clavicular origin of the posterior belly has been found in 2 males on the left side only ; and in 3 females, of which 1 was on both sides, 1 on the right, and 1 on the left side only. The median tendon has been found absent in 2 males, in 1 on the right, and in the other on the left side only. Thus in 12 out of 70 subjects some irregularity existed in this muscle—a proportion greater than that found by Professor Turner in 373 subjects, viz. 5 or 6 per cent. (Irregularities of the Omohyoid, p. 2). A clavicular origin of the posterior belly was found in b subjects out of the 70, or about 7 per cent. Turner found it in 17 out of 373 subjects, i. e. rather more than 4 per cent. In 5 out of 70 subjects (also about 7 per cent.) the anterior belly was found double or triple. Turner does not mention this abnormality, but found the anterior belly blended with the sterno-hyoid in 4 out of the 3/3 cases. 4. Diffastric.—Jn 3 subjects, 2 male (Nos. 13 & 16) and 1 female (No. 34), the anterior belly of this muscle was double, in the males on both sides, and in the female on the left side only. In No. 13 the super- numerary head decussated across the median line with its opposite fellow. This variety has been before recorded by Fleischmann (Anat. Wahrnehm. in Erlang. Abhand. Bd. i. S. 26 & 27, Taf. i. fig. i. 1810), and subsequently by Gantzer (Dissert. Anat. Muse, varietatis sistens. 1813), Scemmerring, Theile, and Ilenle. 2 T 2